For paper submission, the research article must be an original copy, about 3,000-5,000 words, single-spaced, and with tables and figures. The research abstract must have 200-250 words with at least 3 keywords or phrases.
Manuscript Preparation
- Organize the paper following these major headings: Title, Author/s and Affiliations/address, Abstract, Introduction, Objectives of the Study, Materials and Methods, Results and Discussion, Conclusions and Recommendations (optional) and References.
- Acknowledgments and References. The References should substantially consist of articles published in current content-covered or peer-reviewed journals. Avoid citations of unpublished reports and theses.
- Type the entire manuscript single-spaced on a short white bond paper (8.5 x 11”) with 0.8” margin (left & right); 0.9” (top); and 0.6″ (bottom) using a Times New Roman font type of 11. References, Acknowledgments, plates and legends should be typed single-spaced. Number consecutively all pages.
- Use end-notes rather than footnotes.
- Spell out acronyms or unfamiliar abbreviations when these are mentioned for the first time in the text.
- Write the scientific names of species completely with author(s) when it is first mentioned in the text and without author in succeeding references. Scientific names should be written in italics.
- Do not spell out numbers unless they are used to start a sentence.
- Use the metric system only or the International System of Units. Use abbreviations of units only beside numerals (e.g. 9 m); otherwise spell out the unit (e.g. kilometer from here). Do not use plural forms or periods for abbreviations of units. Use the bar for compound units (e.g. 1 kg.ha/yr). Place a zero before the decimal in numbers less than one (e.g. 0.25).
- Titles of Tables and Captions of Figures should be as short as possible and understandable without referring to the text. Figures should consist only of simple line drawings, computer-generated graphics or good quality black and white photographs. Label of Figures and plates should be written below the image and should be as such a size so these are still legible even after reducing the size by as much as 50%.
- Number citations consecutively in square brackets [1]. The sentence punctuation follows the brackets [2]. Multiple references [2], [3] are each numbered with separate brackets [1]–[3]. When citing a section in a book, please give the relevant page numbers [2]. In sentences, refer simply to the reference number, as in [3]. Do not use “Ref. [3]” or “reference [3]” except at the beginning of a sentence: “Reference [3] shows … .” Please ensure that every reference cited in the text is also present in the reference list. Arrange the reference section in order of citation appearance. Use the common format, Author(s) name., year of publication., Article title, Journal name, Volume(issue), page numbers, DOI.
- Manuscript should be as concise the subject and research method permit, generally about 5000 words, single-spaced.
- To promote anonymous review, authors should not identify themselves directly or indirectly in their papers or in experimental test instruments included in their papers or in experimental test instruments included in the submission. Single authors should not use the editorial “we”.
Titles. Titles of tables are written above while title of figures and plates are written below the images.
Author(s)’ name(s). The first name, middle initial and family name are provided. Write the name of the author/s followed by the department, name of institutional affiliation, country and email address/es.
Abstract. An abstract of about 200-250 words should be presented immediately preceding the text. The abstract should concisely inform the reader of the manuscript’s topic, its methods, and its findings.
Keywords. The abstract must be followed by at least three keywords to assist in indexing the paper and identifying qualified reviewers.
Introduction. The text of the paper should start with a section labeled “Introduction”, which provides more details about the paper’s rationale, motivation, significance, scope and limitations and the setting of the study. Both the Abstract and Introduction should be relatively nontechnical yet clear enough for an informed reader to understand the manuscript’s contribution. The manuscript’s title but neither the author’s name nor other identification designations, should appear on the Abstract page.
Pagination. All pages, including tables, appendices and references should be serially numbered.
Numbers. Spell out numbers from one to ten, except when used in tables and lists, and when used with mathematical, statistical, scientific, or technical units and quantities, such as distances, weights and measures. percentage and decimal fractions (in nontechnical copy, use the word percent in the text).
Conclusions. It should briefly answer the objectives of the study. They are no repetitions of the discussions but are judgments of the results obtained
Recommendations. It is optional; allowed only when results warrant recommendation.
References. Every manuscript must include Reference section that contains ONLY those works cited within the text. Each entry should contain all information necessary or unambiguous identification of the published work. The style format is based from American Psychological Association (APA) with hanging indention of 0.2. Do not categorize according to sources and must be arranged alphabetically. There should be majority of which should come from printed and online journals.
Publication Fee. There is a processing fee $100 for IAPAAR Journals.
AUTHORS’ RIGHTS AND RESPONSIBILITIES
Author’s Rights
All the articles in IAPAAR journals remain copyrighted with the authors.
Under the terms of the license agreement, the authors retain the following rights:
- To post a copy of their submitted manuscript (pre-print) on their own Web site, an institutional repository, or their funding body’s designated archive (no embargo period).
- To post a copy of their accepted manuscript (post-print) on their own Web site, an institutional repository, or their funding body’s designated archive (no embargo period). Authors who archive or self-archive accepted articles are asked to provide a hyperlink from the manuscript to the Journal’s Web site.
- Authors, and any academic institution where they work at the time, may reproduce their manuscript for the purpose of course teaching.
- Authors may reuse all or part of their manuscript in other works created by them for non-commercial purposes, provided the original publication in an IAPAAR journal is acknowledged through a note or citation.
These authors’ rights ensure that IAPAAR journals are compliant with open access policies of research funding agencies, including the US National Institutes of Health, the Wellcome Trust, the UK Medical Research Council, Canadian Institutes of Health Research, the Institut national de la santé et de la recherche médicale in France, and others.
Author’s Responsibilities
- Authors have an obligation to present an accurate account of the research performed and are responsible for complete reporting of the observations made and data collected.
- Authors must relate their work to that of others, clearly attributing any and all statements, equations, figures, and tables derived from others’ work to their original source, and provide complete and accurate citations so that the readers can objectively evaluate the paper.
- Authors should describe the safeguards used to meet both formal and informal standards of ethical conduct of research (approval of a research protocol by an institutional committee, procurement of informed consent, adherence to codes of ethical conduct for the treatment of human or animal subjects, and maintenance of confidentiality of personal data on patients, etc.).
- Authors must ensure that papers accepted for publication are free of any kind of prejudice, especially gender and racial stereotyping.
- Authors should avoid dividing research results into many papers, or submitting trivial reports. This practice not only multiplies the effort of Editors and referees, but it also requires readers to search for several publications instead of one.
- The corresponding author must warrant that all co-authors have read and approved the manuscript as submitted. When dealing with manuscripts with more than one author, the Editor assumes that the corresponding author is authorized to respond on behalf of the group.
- Authors are responsible for obtaining any formal or informal approval or clearance of the paper from their institution or company before it is submitted to IAPAAR journals.
- Authors must identify the sources of all information and material obtained privately by including citations to personal communication and unpublished data.
- When a paper contains material (tables, figures, charts, etc.) that is protected by copyright, it is the obligation of the author to secure written permission from the copyright holder (usually the publisher). Letters of permission must be sent to the Editorial Office before final acceptance of the paper.
- Authors are responsible for disclosing any information that may affect the acceptance or rejection of the paper. This includes indicating whether the work has been previously presented in any format (conference proceedings, abstract publication, etc.) and submitting a list of related manuscripts that the author has in press or under consideration by another journal. The paper will be considered for publication only with the understanding that it has not already been submitted to, accepted by, or published in another journal.
