Asia-Africa Journal of Business Entrepreneurship Education and Management

Effect of contemporary entrepreneurship on Entrepreneurs’ Innovative Behavior, Job Creation

Sajjad Hussain Qadar — 2022-05-15

To cope with the challenges of the digital era, entrepreneurs hunted a novel entrepreneurship i.e. digital entrepreneurship. Contemporary entrepreneurship is the process of hunting opportunities by using the digital technologies and ICTs for launching startups and big corporations. Aim of the current research is to find out the moderating role of social capital in the relationship of digital entrepreneurship with entrepreneurs’ innovative behavior and job creation. Researcher collected primary data (cross-sectional) from the contemporary entrepreneurs of Pakistan by distributing wellstructured developed and adapted questionnaire. Current study applied inferential tests (Hierarchical Multiple Regression) to analyze the phenomenon. The instrument used for data collection was validated for reliability. Results revealed that there is significant influence of digital entrepreneurship on entrepreneurs’ innovative behavior and job creation. The study also revealed that there is significant influence of digital entrepreneurship on job creation. It is concluded from the findings of the study that contemporary entrepreneurship plays an important role in improving the innovative behavior of entrepreneurs and create more jobs in the country that are pivotal for the economic growth.

Investigating the association of Effective managerial skills and Modern marketing tools with Entrepreneurship Business.

Rizwan A. Rabia — 2022-05-15

For the developing countries, entrepreneurship is the bearer of economic growth, the harbinger of financial well-being and offers propensity for development. It not only broadens the vocational horizons-enabling people to make profitable earnings but it also opens the gateway to grandiose job opportunities. Undoubtedly, it tautens the monetary fabric of the society by offering a remedy to the malady of poverty, which in turn bridges the gap between those belonging to various echelons of social classes. Entrepreneurship exists as a zone often muddled in an ill-defined state of not being able to conform to the standards pertinent to it, especially in the developing countries and under-developed countries. In Pakistan, most of the businesses are being run by untrained persons, and the use of primitive and manual methods of manufacturing the products and simple marketing techniques have rendered them unable to meet the international standards. The study aims at introducing workable entrepreneurial practices, scrutinizing the problems associated with them, inspecting and discerning the causes of unsuccessful businesses, proposing possible measures that can counter the problems identified, as well as making suggestions that can improve entrepreneurship activities and business management practices in the study area. Collection of data with the help of a closed-ended questionnaire. The sample size is going to consist of 257 proprietors/managers of restaurant centers. The collected data is to be quantified by applying the suitable statistical tests and the data from interviews to be analyzed by applying content analysis approach. The data is to be presented in tables. Moreover, the statistical tests are going to help to accept or reject the hypotheses. The study may find the problems associated with entrepreneurship and based on the findings, recommendations will be given on entrepreneur issues among which is that the government should empower business looking for a workforce to open up endeavors in recognized planned business adventures by accelerating the training programs and by facilitating the procedural requirements in this field.

Application of 5G Networks on Educational Development in South-South, Nigeria

Dr. Nseabasi Essien — 2022-05-15

This study sought to determine the influence of application of 5G networks on educational development in South-South, Nigeria. In order to carry out this study objectively, two specific objectives, two research questions and two null hypotheses were postulated to guide the study. A descriptive survey design was adopted for the study. The population of the study comprised 108 Post Graduate Computer Science and Education Students in five Federal Universities in South-South, Nigeria. The sample for this study was 85 Post Graduate Computer Science and Education Students drawn from the total population of 108, using stratified sampling technique. The researcher developed sixteen (16) items research instrument. A questionnaire with sixteen (16) structured items designed by the researcher was used for data collection for this study. The questionnaire was face validated by three experts in University of Uyo. Cronbach’s Alpha Technique was used in determining the reliability of the instrument and a correlation coefficient of 0.87 was obtained. Means and standard deviation were used in answering the research questions. A one sample t-test statistics was used to test the two null hypotheses respectively at 0.05 level of significance. The finding shows that application of 5G networks downloading speed has a significant influence on educational development in South-South, Nigeria. The finding also shows that application of 5G networks in e-learning have a high influence on educational development in the study area and application of 5G networks in e-learning has a significant influence on education in the study area. Based on the findings, it is concluded that the application of 5G networks will enables a new kind of network that is designed to connect virtually everyone and everything together including machines, objects and devices. 5G wireless technology is meant to deliver multi-Gbps peak data speeds, ultra-low latency, more reliability, massive network capacity, increased availability, and a more uniform user experience to more users.

Factors Impacting Women Performance in Entrepreneurship: the Psychological and Non-Psychological

Sugaraj Salve — 2022-05-15

The phenomenon of women entrepreneurship is expanding around the world and women entrepreneurs are playing a pivotal role in socio-economic development of the developing countries. This study is an attempt to analyze the prevailing environment of women entrepreneurships in Pakistan with a view to find the impact of factors which affect the women’s entrepreneurial performance. The present study examines the impact of psychological and non-psychological factors on women's entrepreneurial performance. Psychological factors include tolerance of ambiguity and risk taking tendency, need for achievement, and internal locus of control. Non- psychological factors include competence and innovativeness. This study is quantitative in nature. The impact of the factors is analyzed by collecting data from a sample of 253 women entrepreneurs by using self administered questionnaires. Multiple regression analysis has been used to analyze the significance of the factors on women entrepreneurial performance. The results reveal that there is a significant impact of psychological and non-psychological factors on women entrepreneurial performance of Pakistan. Recommendations were made for improvement of the performance of their businesses like encouraging media in highlighting the success stories.

Fuzzy Logic and Computer Programming Academic Achievement of Students: Attitude as Input Variable

Dr Nseabasie Essien — 2022-05-15

Students’ participation and performance in academic activities is fast reducing; however, the purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of students‟ attitudes towards the computer programming classes and computer teacher on the student‟s programming achievements. In this research, fuzzy logic is used. . The participants of this study were 44. An attitude inventory was used to measure the participants‟ attitudes towards the lesson and teacher. Students‟ academic success levels were determined using participants‟ grades at the end of first semester. Scores obtained from the attitude inventory were categorized by the experts. Finally, by using fuzzy logic modeling in MATLAB, the cases in which the minimum and maximum achievement level occurs were determined. The attitudes towards the lesson and the teacher have been assumed as an input and the success as for output factor. Using fuzzy logic between the input and the output factors, a model was generated. The aim of this model is to state the relation the input and the output factors and to have an idea about the success on mathematical education. It was found that just one positive attitude towards the lesson or the teacher can not been seen enough for success when examined the obtained grade. It was concluded that if there is not a high positive attitude to teacher and the computer programming, an advanced level success is not observed or vice versa. It was recommended that should be positive attitude for both the teacher and the lesson for achievement.

ENTREPRENEURIAL SKILLS NEED BY BROILER FARMERS IN POULTRY PRODUCTION FOR FOOD SECURITY IN AKWA IBOM STATE, NIGERIA

Inibehe Job — 2022-05-15

The main purpose of the study was to identified the entrepreneurial skills required by broiler farmers in poultry production for food security in Akwa Ibom State. Four research questions were posed and four null hypotheses were formulated to guide the study. The population was made up of 386 broiler farmers in Uyo Agricultural Zone in Akwa Ibom State. The sample size was 294 broilers farmers selected using cluster sampling method questionnaire titled: Broiler Production Skills Requirements Questionnaire (BPSRQ) was used for data collection after due validation and with reliability coefficient of 0.71. The findings reveal that the broiler farmers in Uyo Agricultural Zone of Akwa Ibom State require more training on stocking and drugs administration skills in poultry production for increased food security. It was recommended among others that more extension services and private sector participation in training activities should be encouraged by government to boost broilers production skills for food security in Akwa Ibom State.

Employee Attitudes and Comprehension on the functionality of the Performance Management System (PMS) in the Ministry of Education

Botswiri T. Martin — 2022-05-15

This research sought to assess the effects of employee attitudes and perceptions on the functionality of the Performance Management System (PMS) in the Ministry of Education. It also aimed to achieve the following research objectives: to determine whether employee attitudes and perceptions influenced the PMS. To that end, concerns on whether employee attitudes and perceptions affected PMS functionality had not been answered. Therefore, this narration prompted the study. Quantitative research methods were utilised to gain in-depth knowledge on the topic. A triangulation paradigm was utilised wherein the quantitative research validated the qualitative research findings. A sample size of 80 respondents was statistically determined and targeted out of the workforce of 300 employees at the Ministry. Stratified random sampling technique was utilised to select the sample size. The research aimed for a sample of 16 respondents in management positions and 64 in non-management positions. Primary data was collected through an expert reviewed structured questionnaire with closed-ended questions. The data collected was analysed using SPSS Statistical Software program version 25.0, to categorise the collected data into meaningful information that involved cross-tabulations and bar graphs. The study revealed that attitudes of non-compliance to set standards do affect the PMS. The study concluded that PMS principles were inadequately enforced, by part because of poor comprehension of the system. It was recommended that the scheme should be treated with the seriousness it required for it to operate with excellence. Understanding the system’s policies and procedures should, therefore, be prioritised.

Variables Influencing the Growth of Micro and Small Manufacturing Enterprises in Kenya: The Entrepreneurial Management

Titus Okello — 2022-05-15

Micro and Small Enterprises (MSEs) are an important segment of Kenya’s economy. The enterprises contribute about 70% to the country’s Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and over 80% of the country’s employment opportunities. Therefore, this study sought to establish the influence of reward philosophy and entrepreneurial culture on growth of MSEs in the manufacturing enterprises in Kenya. The research design adopted in this study was the mixed method. The target population of the study was the 10,345 ownermanagers of manufacturing MSEs in Kenya. A sample of 393 ownermanagers of manufacturing businesses in Nairobi were selected using stratified random sampling. Questionnaires were used as data collection tools. The researcher administered the questionnaires personally and also employed drop and pick later method in cases where it was not possible for respondents to complete the questionnaires the same day. Pilot testing of the research instrument was undertaken to ascertain reliability and validity. The study generated both qualitative and quantitative data. Multiple linear regression model was also used to establish the relationship between dependent and independent variables. The study established that, all the predictor variables; reward philosophy and entrepreneurial culture influenced growth of micro and small furniture manufacturing enterprises. The key recommendations are that entrepreneurs should be given adequate access to credit in order to realize growth in their businesses. Policies regarding training and research and development (R&D) should be put in place in order to help the entrepreneurs innovate and be successful in their businesses. The study recommends that the government should improve Resource allocation to MSMES in manufacturing enterprises in Kenya by allocating funds and initiating training in entrepreneurial management skills for them to grow from their current status.

Teachers as Leaders in Promoting Business Studies for Entrepreneurship: Challenges and Strategy

Christoph M. Ogina — 2022-05-15

The purpose of the study was to explore the Challenges and Strategies Teachers as leaders in promoting Business Studies for Entrepreneurship in Gert Sibande District of Mpumalanga Province. The study used a qualitative Case Study methodological approach to generate data. Ten (10) teachers from different schools, gender, age and experience were interviewed telephonically using a semi-structured interview. The interviews were on the role of Business Studies teachers in promoting Business Studies for entrepreneurship in secondary schools. All the teachers that were interviewed had been teaching Business Studies for more than three years in secondary schools of Mpumalanga Province. The research revealed that although Business Studies is one of the taught subjects in rural schools, it remains theoretical as the subject lacks the development of practical skills. The interviewed teachers in this study suggested that entrepreneurship can be taught effectively and productively if the challenges, such as the lack of entrepreneurship training; limited mentorship; absence of sponsorship; lack of support from colleagues and the school community; lack of resources such as extra textbooks, Study Guides; and the lack of necessary equipment for entrepreneurial activities are addressed. The findings imply that, to be able to promote the teaching of Business Studies, there is a need for creating and sustaining an entrepreneurship culture, which includes the involvement of all stakeholders to encourage and motivate learners interested in Business Studies in rural secondary schools.

MAN POWER DEVELOPMENT IN THE GLOBAL BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT: RELEVANCE TO INDUSTRIAL TECHNOLOGY EDUCATION STUDENTS IN NIGERIA

Emmanuel Okon Essien — 2022-05-15

Manpower development or human resources development is an ongoing process that analyze, forecast and projects on organizations future manpower requirements. This is an important factor because there is an increasing interconnectedness and independency among the worlds, regions, nations, government, businessmen, institutions and individuals which characterized the global economic environment. Hence, people have been found to be an important asset in the paradigm shift to the knowledge-based economy. Therefore, effective training of these individuals would lead to high level of productivity in business. Various training approaches such as vestibule training, on-the-job training, and off-the-job training among others are essentials in man power development process.